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	<title>Comments on: Apple&#8217;s giving spammers a hand</title>
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	<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/</link>
	<description>The views of one man on security, privacy and anything else that catches his attention.  The views expressed on this blog do not reflect the views of my employer or anyone other than myself.</description>
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		<title>By: Tim F.</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3260</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim F.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Aug 2008 13:53:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3260</guid>
		<description>@ Aaron, I don&#039;t know why you think I didn&#039;t read your posts or that I missed something. You claimed this was so dangerous because it allowed more than a standard spam attack, it allowed a directed phishing attack because you knew something about the users. The only thing you know is the domain. 

You say you&#039;d rather have 10,000 verified emails vs. 10,000 unverified emails. Of course, you haven&#039;t demonstrated that you can easily acquire 10,000 verified emails anywhere near as fast as the unverified names, and you&#039;ve completely ignored the fact that a dictionary attack is going to allow for millions of unverified emails almost guaranteeing hundreds of thousands of verified emails.

You say absurd things like: &quot;The resources needed to put together a legitimate list of usernames/addresses using a dictionary list is expotentially greater than if you were able to pull a list of accurate addresses.&quot; Which of course assumes it takes zero resources to verify these addresses? No one has demonstrated that idisk sub-directories are crawlable. I&#039;m not suggesting they aren&#039;t. I&#039;m suggesting they are on the same order of magnitude of launching  dictionary attack. The methods are very similar.

&quot;The only evidence that you have that it ISN’T happening is you saying that you aren’t receiving any spam on your account.&quot;

And yet you have ZERO evidence this is possible at all. I&#039;ve always understood that paranoid security experts who will take any instance of non-obscurity as a potential threat, but that doesn&#039;t make it a legitimate threat. If you represent the IT security community, do a little work towards proving this conjecture rather than presuming it is so. Send me a list of 20,000 spidered directories. Show me the code. Do something. All you&#039;ve done is restate what has been obvious for eight years. Thanks security minded people. Way to stay on top of things and do nothing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@ Aaron, I don&#8217;t know why you think I didn&#8217;t read your posts or that I missed something. You claimed this was so dangerous because it allowed more than a standard spam attack, it allowed a directed phishing attack because you knew something about the users. The only thing you know is the domain. </p>
<p>You say you&#8217;d rather have 10,000 verified emails vs. 10,000 unverified emails. Of course, you haven&#8217;t demonstrated that you can easily acquire 10,000 verified emails anywhere near as fast as the unverified names, and you&#8217;ve completely ignored the fact that a dictionary attack is going to allow for millions of unverified emails almost guaranteeing hundreds of thousands of verified emails.</p>
<p>You say absurd things like: &#8220;The resources needed to put together a legitimate list of usernames/addresses using a dictionary list is expotentially greater than if you were able to pull a list of accurate addresses.&#8221; Which of course assumes it takes zero resources to verify these addresses? No one has demonstrated that idisk sub-directories are crawlable. I&#8217;m not suggesting they aren&#8217;t. I&#8217;m suggesting they are on the same order of magnitude of launching  dictionary attack. The methods are very similar.</p>
<p>&#8220;The only evidence that you have that it ISN’T happening is you saying that you aren’t receiving any spam on your account.&#8221;</p>
<p>And yet you have ZERO evidence this is possible at all. I&#8217;ve always understood that paranoid security experts who will take any instance of non-obscurity as a potential threat, but that doesn&#8217;t make it a legitimate threat. If you represent the IT security community, do a little work towards proving this conjecture rather than presuming it is so. Send me a list of 20,000 spidered directories. Show me the code. Do something. All you&#8217;ve done is restate what has been obvious for eight years. Thanks security minded people. Way to stay on top of things and do nothing.</p>
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		<title>By: Aaron Guhl</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3245</link>
		<dc:creator>Aaron Guhl</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 20:08:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3245</guid>
		<description>Because if I had a list of 10,000 accurate email addresses versus a list of 10,000 randomly generated inaccurate addresses, I&#039;d take the accurate list anyday.

The resources needed to put together a legitimate list of usernames/addresses using a dictionary list is expotentially greater than if you were able to pull a list of accurate addresses. A username could be &quot;SmellySailor22&quot; and even the most comprehensive dictionary list would not come across that account. But if you were able to enumerate an accurate list of users, then SmellySailor22 would be on that spammers target list.

Now I know that you are obviously knowledgable enough to know the difference between a phishing email and a real one. But many users who use MobileMe and other similiar services are not. This is why it is valuable if a spammer is able to get a list of accurate addresses on that domain versus just blindly sending out emails to that domain where only 1% of those emails may actually end up in an active user&#039;s mailbox.

Tim, I don&#039;t believe you read my first post correctly. I didn&#039;t say that you had to validate the account to ensure that the DOMAIN was correct. Clearly you already know that part. What you don&#039;t know is the USER part of the address. Knowing the username of an account is 50% of what someone needs to compromise the account. Knowing the email address is a way for someone to get in contact with that user and manipulate them to get their password (i.e, phishing, etc). Being able to enumerate an entire list of accurate users is a way to do this on a grand scale. How do you not see the security flaw in that?

The only evidence that you have that it ISN&#039;T happening is you saying that you aren&#039;t receiving any spam on your account. That reactive approach to security will only get you into trouble in the future. Proactiveness is the only way to protect a network.

Whether or not people are taking advantage of it is another question. But one mantra I&#039;ve always gone by in IT Security is it isn&#039;t &quot;if&quot; it will happen, it is &quot;when&quot;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Because if I had a list of 10,000 accurate email addresses versus a list of 10,000 randomly generated inaccurate addresses, I&#8217;d take the accurate list anyday.</p>
<p>The resources needed to put together a legitimate list of usernames/addresses using a dictionary list is expotentially greater than if you were able to pull a list of accurate addresses. A username could be &#8220;SmellySailor22&#8243; and even the most comprehensive dictionary list would not come across that account. But if you were able to enumerate an accurate list of users, then SmellySailor22 would be on that spammers target list.</p>
<p>Now I know that you are obviously knowledgable enough to know the difference between a phishing email and a real one. But many users who use MobileMe and other similiar services are not. This is why it is valuable if a spammer is able to get a list of accurate addresses on that domain versus just blindly sending out emails to that domain where only 1% of those emails may actually end up in an active user&#8217;s mailbox.</p>
<p>Tim, I don&#8217;t believe you read my first post correctly. I didn&#8217;t say that you had to validate the account to ensure that the DOMAIN was correct. Clearly you already know that part. What you don&#8217;t know is the USER part of the address. Knowing the username of an account is 50% of what someone needs to compromise the account. Knowing the email address is a way for someone to get in contact with that user and manipulate them to get their password (i.e, phishing, etc). Being able to enumerate an entire list of accurate users is a way to do this on a grand scale. How do you not see the security flaw in that?</p>
<p>The only evidence that you have that it ISN&#8217;T happening is you saying that you aren&#8217;t receiving any spam on your account. That reactive approach to security will only get you into trouble in the future. Proactiveness is the only way to protect a network.</p>
<p>Whether or not people are taking advantage of it is another question. But one mantra I&#8217;ve always gone by in IT Security is it isn&#8217;t &#8220;if&#8221; it will happen, it is &#8220;when&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>By: Tim F.</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3243</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim F.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 19:36:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3243</guid>
		<description>Aaron, that&#039;s a silly comment. Why would you need to validate an email address to know that addresses at the mac.com/me.com domain are at the mac.com/me.com domain?

Beemish, still waiting... This is easy stuff, man.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Aaron, that&#8217;s a silly comment. Why would you need to validate an email address to know that addresses at the mac.com/me.com domain are at the mac.com/me.com domain?</p>
<p>Beemish, still waiting&#8230; This is easy stuff, man.</p>
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		<title>By: Aaron Guhl</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3240</link>
		<dc:creator>Aaron Guhl</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 16:04:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3240</guid>
		<description>I think a lot of people are missing the point. Spam today has changed dramatically from what it was 5 years ago. Spam 5 years ago was all about the attachments. Spammers didn&#039;t care who they targeted and so they could create a spam campaign like the one that Gustav mentioned above. But today users are much smarter and so spam campaigns like that are no longer effective, not only against users, but also against spam filter software.

However, spam today is much different. Spam today is all about phishing. Because of this, a very important piece of the puzzle is being able to target your audience for spam. If an attacker is able to enumerate the users of a particular provider or domain, then you immediately have access to a piece of information that is common among all those users. They all belong to the same mail provider! For this reason the attacker can then create a phishing spam campaign targeting those users spoofing the email as an administrator for said domain. A targeted phishing campaign is way more effective than one that isn&#039;t and will have a much higher success ratio.

Imagine if someone was able to enumerate the email addresses of everyone that had Capital One accounts. Now think of the phishing spam campaign that could be created knowing that. The same security precautions should be created when thinking about email. Why people have such a lazy attitude toward email security is beyond me.

It is for that reason that I feel that providers of mail and Web 2.0 services need to take notice of this and take the precautions to protect their users&#039; addresses. The number one way to combat phishing spam is to prevent spammers from being able to target their audience.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think a lot of people are missing the point. Spam today has changed dramatically from what it was 5 years ago. Spam 5 years ago was all about the attachments. Spammers didn&#8217;t care who they targeted and so they could create a spam campaign like the one that Gustav mentioned above. But today users are much smarter and so spam campaigns like that are no longer effective, not only against users, but also against spam filter software.</p>
<p>However, spam today is much different. Spam today is all about phishing. Because of this, a very important piece of the puzzle is being able to target your audience for spam. If an attacker is able to enumerate the users of a particular provider or domain, then you immediately have access to a piece of information that is common among all those users. They all belong to the same mail provider! For this reason the attacker can then create a phishing spam campaign targeting those users spoofing the email as an administrator for said domain. A targeted phishing campaign is way more effective than one that isn&#8217;t and will have a much higher success ratio.</p>
<p>Imagine if someone was able to enumerate the email addresses of everyone that had Capital One accounts. Now think of the phishing spam campaign that could be created knowing that. The same security precautions should be created when thinking about email. Why people have such a lazy attitude toward email security is beyond me.</p>
<p>It is for that reason that I feel that providers of mail and Web 2.0 services need to take notice of this and take the precautions to protect their users&#8217; addresses. The number one way to combat phishing spam is to prevent spammers from being able to target their audience.</p>
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		<title>By: Gustav</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3237</link>
		<dc:creator>Gustav</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 14:09:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3237</guid>
		<description>This really isn&#039;t a problem. Spammers run bots on other people&#039;s PCs. Do you really think they check the addresses first? Why wouldn&#039;t they just enumerate their dictionaries of usernames and send them to username@hotmail.com, username@mac.com, username@yahoo.com, etc. - it&#039;s far quicker to just send the spam and ignore the errors than to validate it first.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This really isn&#8217;t a problem. Spammers run bots on other people&#8217;s PCs. Do you really think they check the addresses first? Why wouldn&#8217;t they just enumerate their dictionaries of usernames and send them to <a href="mailto:username@hotmail.com">username@hotmail.com</a>, <a href="mailto:username@mac.com">username@mac.com</a>, <a href="mailto:username@yahoo.com">username@yahoo.com</a>, etc. &#8211; it&#8217;s far quicker to just send the spam and ignore the errors than to validate it first.</p>
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		<title>By: Anon E Mous</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3236</link>
		<dc:creator>Anon E Mous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 12:54:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3236</guid>
		<description>AOL &amp; EarthLink have had the same &quot;vulnerability&quot; for over a decade. Jerry Leichter is right.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>AOL &amp; EarthLink have had the same &#8220;vulnerability&#8221; for over a decade. Jerry Leichter is right.</p>
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		<title>By: Jerry Leichter</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3228</link>
		<dc:creator>Jerry Leichter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Aug 2008 21:48:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3228</guid>
		<description>Interesting debate, but it does help to actually check the facts (which are, in fact, accurately reported at http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/08/21/an-easy-way-to-retrieve-the-entire-mobileme-user-email-list/).  You can&#039;t &quot;spider&quot; the user list.  The robots.txt at idisk.mac.com has nothing to do with spidering.  In fact, it isn&#039;t even a robots.txt file, as is obvious if you read it.  The top-level idisk.mac.com URL requires you to log in to your own account (or you can specify a public URL under it - which is how idisk.mac.com/robots.txt is actually interpreted).

So if spidering isn&#039;t the threat, what is?  Given any username u, there is a page at idisk.mac.com/u-Public.  So if you guess u, you can confirm at u.mac.com/u.me.com are valid mail addresses.  This is a vulnerability if u is reasonably guessable.  Since .mac/.me usernames seem usually to be firstnamelastname, most aren&#039;t so easy to guess.

A potential information leak?  Sure.  A reasonable tradeoff for convenience?  Perhaps.  Should Apple provide a way for those who don&#039;t want to expose their name this way?  Probably.  (Apple tends to prefer simplicity to choice.  Techies usually want the opposite; most non-techies don&#039;t - which most techies will never understand - even the ones who eat the same lunch every day.)  Something to get hysterical about?  Come on....

                                                                                                    -- Jerry</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interesting debate, but it does help to actually check the facts (which are, in fact, accurately reported at <a href="http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/08/21/an-easy-way-to-retrieve-the-entire-mobileme-user-email-list/" rel="nofollow">http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/08/21/an-easy-way-to-retrieve-the-entire-mobileme-user-email-list/</a>).  You can&#8217;t &#8220;spider&#8221; the user list.  The robots.txt at idisk.mac.com has nothing to do with spidering.  In fact, it isn&#8217;t even a robots.txt file, as is obvious if you read it.  The top-level idisk.mac.com URL requires you to log in to your own account (or you can specify a public URL under it &#8211; which is how idisk.mac.com/robots.txt is actually interpreted).</p>
<p>So if spidering isn&#8217;t the threat, what is?  Given any username u, there is a page at idisk.mac.com/u-Public.  So if you guess u, you can confirm at u.mac.com/u.me.com are valid mail addresses.  This is a vulnerability if u is reasonably guessable.  Since .mac/.me usernames seem usually to be firstnamelastname, most aren&#8217;t so easy to guess.</p>
<p>A potential information leak?  Sure.  A reasonable tradeoff for convenience?  Perhaps.  Should Apple provide a way for those who don&#8217;t want to expose their name this way?  Probably.  (Apple tends to prefer simplicity to choice.  Techies usually want the opposite; most non-techies don&#8217;t &#8211; which most techies will never understand &#8211; even the ones who eat the same lunch every day.)  Something to get hysterical about?  Come on&#8230;.</p>
<p>                                                                                                    &#8212; Jerry</p>
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		<title>By: Martin</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3225</link>
		<dc:creator>Martin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Aug 2008 01:13:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3225</guid>
		<description>Dang it, just when I was about to tell you both to quit it you had to be funny.  

Martin</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dang it, just when I was about to tell you both to quit it you had to be funny.  </p>
<p>Martin</p>
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		<title>By: Tim F.</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3224</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim F.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Aug 2008 01:10:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3224</guid>
		<description>Dammit, I screwed my poem. That should be: 85-95% of all EMAIL traffic</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dammit, I screwed my poem. That should be: 85-95% of all EMAIL traffic</p>
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		<title>By: Tim F.</title>
		<link>http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/comment-page-1/#comment-3223</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim F.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Aug 2008 01:08:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mckeay.net/2008/08/21/apples-giving-spammers-a-hand/#comment-3223</guid>
		<description>Oooh, poetry. 

Tim F. is aware that spam already constitutes 85-95% of all web traffic and affects the vast majority of all accounts. Tim F. doesn&#039;t have a spam problem because even though he has to make his email susceptible to all sorts of attacks via frequent communications with less-prepared contacts, several presences on the web, and membership in innumerable social networks, organizations, mailing lists, etc..., he rarely receives a spam in his inbox and hasn&#039;t experienced a false positive in more than 2 years because of effective spam filtering.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oooh, poetry. </p>
<p>Tim F. is aware that spam already constitutes 85-95% of all web traffic and affects the vast majority of all accounts. Tim F. doesn&#8217;t have a spam problem because even though he has to make his email susceptible to all sorts of attacks via frequent communications with less-prepared contacts, several presences on the web, and membership in innumerable social networks, organizations, mailing lists, etc&#8230;, he rarely receives a spam in his inbox and hasn&#8217;t experienced a false positive in more than 2 years because of effective spam filtering.</p>
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